WHO: To the remaining 11 and specifically to Peter.
WHY: To prepare the men for what is to happen and give them encouragement. Also, to give a new commandment and to inform Peter that He cannot give His life in exchange for Jesus, in fact to prophecy to Peter thus to prepare Peter for the three denials of knowing Jesus that he is about to say. This is unfathomable to Peter. Yet why tell him? Because when the unthinkable that was prophesied comes true, you can be even more certain that all the other prophesies and promises that Jesus made will also come true. Just before this was the command to Love each other as Jesus has loved them. Love is how people will know the disciples of Jesus. Just prior to the command was the fact shared with the 11 that Jesus is now to be glorified, at once. Even now, Peter has been given an assurance to hang onto in the hours to come.
13:38 Jesus replied, Will you give your life for me? I can guarantee this truth: No rooster will crow until you say three times that you don’t know me.
WHO: Philip, at the last supper, has just asked Jesus to show them the Father and that it would satisfy them. Satisfy, a root word that also holds the idea of being strong enough to defend, to warding off. What is to be warded off? What is to be defended from? Doubt- the source of the original sin. What is the answer? Faith, believing, trust and obey.
WHY: Jesus in replying asks Philip “Don’t you know me yet, Philip?” He goes on to explain that He and The Father are one, each in the other. He gives them two choices: to believe what He says or to believe because of what He does. Choices we all have. And then, as these men are faced with the choice, He goes on to give them a promise when they choose to believe, that their prayers will be answered, so that the Father is glorified. Jesus will do it. He ties this to obedience, which implies that the prayers are according to His will and, as He also goes on to share, with the wisdom and inspiration of the Holy Spirit.
14:12-21 “I can guarantee this truth: Those who believe in Me will do the things that I am doing. They will do even greater things because I am going to the Father. I will do anything you ask (the Father) in My name so that the Father will be given glory because of the Son. If you ask something, I will do it.
“If you love Me you will obey my commandments. I will ask the Father, and He will give you another helper who will be with you forever. That helper is the Spirit of Truth. The world cannot accept Him, because it doesn’t see or know Him. You Know Him, because He lives with you and will be in you.
“I will not leave you all alone. I will come back to you. In a little while the world will no longer see Me, but you will see Me. You will live because I live. On that day you will know that I am in My Father and that you are in Me and that I am in you. Whoever knows and obeys my commandments is the person who loves Me. Those who love Me will have my Father’s love, and I too, will love them and show Myself to them.”
WHO: To the 11 disciples
WHY: by now the 11 are becoming overwhelmed by all Jesus has been saying. They are trying among themselves to figure it out. It appears as a riddle. “In a little while you won’t see me, and in a little while you will see me again”. This is a direct response to their attempt to understand. His words take it to deep emotions. He prepares them to endure the coming depths of sorrow and grief with a promise of a happiness that no one can take away. Cling to that. A day of unmovable happiness comes with understanding.
16:20 -22“I can guarantee this truth: You will cry because you are sad, but the world will be happy. You will feel pain, but your pain will turn to happiness. A woman has pain when her time to give birth comes. But after the child is born, she doesn’t remember the pain anymore because she’s happy that a child has been brought into the world.
“Now you’re in a painful situation. But I will see you again. Then you will be happy, and no one will take that happiness away from you. When that day comes, you won’t ask me any more questions.”
WHO: The same 11, immediately part of the above.
WHY: When the day of happiness has come, which is the day they understand and won’t be asking Jesus questions anymore. From that place of understanding comes this next promise. It is one that will add completion to the happiness. The confidence of joy that is an evidence of being able to ask the Father, in Jesus name, because we understand they are One, for anything and He will give it. We shall understand how loved we are and that in being loved by Jesus/the Father, we can ask, anything.
16:23-28 “I can guarantee this truth: If you ask the Father for anything in My name, He will give it to you. So far you haven’t asked for anything in My name. Ask and you will receive so that you can be completely happy.
“I have used examples to illustrate these things. The time is coming when I won’t use examples to speak to you. Rather, I will speak to you about the Father in plain words. When that day comes, you will ask for what you want in my name. I’m telling you that I won’t have to ask the Father for you. The Father loves you because you have loved Me and have believed that I came from God. I left the Father and came into the world. Again, (as I have said,) I’m going to leave the world and go back to the Father.”